Principal's Message
Next year, 2003-2004, we will introduce Looping to our Grade
6 and 7 classes. This means students and teachers will move up
together in a two year rotation. Grade 6 teachers and students
will move to Grade 7 as a team. Grade 7 teachers will move to
Grade 6 and pick up a group of students that they will work with
for two years. Students will still learn in groups with 2 or 3
classroom teachers plus at least 4 specialists (teaching explos)
and also student services and library staff. A separate article
has been sent home today that talks about the advantages of Looping.
Research very clearly points to the huge advantage to students
at this age developing lasting relationships with their teachers.
We are also developing a set of criteria for class groupings and
potential class list changes. Looping is not intended to fix something
that is not working, rather, to polish and improve learning even
more than the success we already are achieving.
Parent Volunteers Needed for Chief Dan George Track Meet
We are looking for Parent Volunteers to assist us in running our
2nd annual CDG Track Meet on May 16th at Rotary Park. We need
help with handing out ribbons, starting events, and timing. Please
contact Mr. Wilms 852-9616 if you are interested in helping out.
Leadership Camp
A group of students from our school was recently identified as
positive student leaders and were selected to attend a Middle
School Leadership Camp. The camp ran from April 23-25, 2003 at
Camp Elphinstone, located in Gibsons, B.C. Student Leadership
teachers from various Abbotsford Middle Schools accompanied sixty
students to the camp. The objective of the camp was to develop
the leadership skills of middle school students. Students were
involved in a variety of activities: such as, icebreakers, team
building, and outdoor activities. The camp was a smashing success
for all involved! We are hoping to make this an annual event.
Mr. Lilly and our Leadership Students at Camp Elphinstone
Music News...............
All grade 8 band students going to Edmonton should have all
forms and money in ASAP. (They were due April 30th!!!!!) Thanks
again to Denise Hartman for organizing the successful Hanging
Basket Sale. Our final concert is coming up quickly! Please mark
Tuesday June 10th on your calendars.
Thank you! Mrs. Farley
PAC Meeting - May 12, 7:00 p.m.
Paddle Tennis Tournament Winners!
Our Grade 7 Paddle Tennis Tournament wrapped up last week.
The finals for both boys and girls were outstanding. Winners in
the girls division were the team of Cara H., Dallas M., and Trisha
B. Winners in the boys Divison were Gagan D., Gerard O., and Spence
L. Congratulations to all the teams who participated!
Upcoming Spirit Week - Summer Party!
Starting on May 20, we will be having our final spirit week! Make
sure to dress up for all of the theme days and come out for Carnival
Fun!
TUESDAY - Pajama Day
·Dunk tank (your favorite teacher) ·Pie throw (
your favorite teacher)
·Dart throw ·Can throw
·Cotton candy ·Bake sale
·Obstacle course
Tickets will be on sale (10 free tickets if you dress in your
pj's) the week before and at the event. Prizes for all games.
WEDNESDAY - Decades Day
·Video game competition
·Art competition (each class will draw a "chalk design"
on the track) - winning class gets a prize!
THURSDAY - Western Day
·POD competitions - tug of war, sack race, 3 legged race,
etc... - first place POD wins a pizza party!
FRIDAY - Tropical Day
·Tailgate party at lunch time ($5 for burger, pop and chips)
·Beach Party Pep Rally
·Grade 5 students from our feeder schools will be joining
us this day (change of date from calendar sent home last week)
We are going to have all events (except pep rally) at lunch so get out and participate!
Library News
Next Library Club meeting is May 30 at lunch - be there!
English Public Speaking - Grade 8 District Semi-Finals
Our Grade 8 English classes sent our representatives to the
Matsqui Auditorium on April 23rd. Danya S. spoke on "Home
Alone 5", Travis H's topic was "Talkshows", Paige
F.'s "Love" speech was well received and Caroline L.
moved onto the District Finals this month with with a speech on
"Communication". Congratulations to all our speakers
for representing us so capably and especially to Caroline L. who
finished THIRD in the whole district! Well done everyone!
Canadian Parents for French Meeting
The Annual General Meeting of Canadian Parents for French will
be held at 7:30 p.m. on Thursday, May 15, 2003 at Clearbrook Elementary
School. All meetings are in English and everyone is welcome. This
is the final CPF meeting of the year and will also be a planning
session for next year. Any suggestions or input will be welcomed.
They are looking for volunteers to fill the following positions:
·Secretary ·Membership Coordinator
·Newsletter ·Sandy Hill Representative
·Margaret Stenersen Representative
Please contact Pam Scott at 864-2512 or 852-5997 OR Susan Asaph
at 864-6309 if interested.
Abbotsford
Whalers
Competitive Speed Swimming
Learn to swim and compete in a team atmosphere. Coached by seasoned
professional NCCP level coaches.
Baby Whaler - Development Program
Professional coaches guide your 3-8 year old children in the techniques
that will move them into competitive swimming, in a fun and non-threatening
atmosphere.
Water Polo
Professional coached by seasoned Canadian National team players.
Come try the fastest growing sport in North America. An amazingly
fun and fast game. A great cross trainer for hockey, soccer and
basketball players. Come out and try a free practice. Ages 6 -17
welcome!
For more info call:
President: Mike Perrin: 604-855-5975
Water Polo : Jane Vanjoff 604--852-3557
Team Registrar: Margot Forsythe: 604-853-3372
Program Coordinator: Petra Rausch: 604-864-8670
www.abbywhalers.com
www.abbotsfordwhalers.com
Principal's Message
The school year is quickly coming to an end. We have a number
of fun activities planned for students, but of course, the focus
is on academic achievement and completion of grade level materials.
Some students are at risk of not completing the course material
in some subjects. If your child is one of those at risk students,
you will be receiving notification that he/she should attend school
on our three I days, June 23-25th. The school year ends June 20th
for most of our students. Parents of at risk students will be
notified by homeroom teachers by May 30th if their child is expected
to attend for extra help. Our Awards Day assembly will be 9:00
- 10:30 a.m. June 20th. Report Cards will be available for pick
up at the school June 26th between 9:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m. Report
Cards not picked up on this day will be mailed to homes.
Sports Banquet
CDG ATHLETIC BANQUET JUNE 3RD. If your child has participated
on any of our athletic teams, you are welcome to attend our 1st
annual CDG Athletics Banquet. Buffet dinner @ 6:00 with awards
at 7. Registration deadline has been extended to May 27th.
Christmas in July
The Abbotsford Food Bank will be having a special one week
school food drive next week (May 26 -30) to help fill their shelves
for the summer. If possible, we are asking each student to bring
at least one nonperishable food item to the school. Thank you
for your help!
Quebec Trip
Our French Immersion grade 8 students returned on the weekend
from a very successful 1 week trip to Quebec. The students were
able to make excellent use of their French language skills in
a multitude of activities which promoted the French Canadian culture.
Mme Bonneau and Mme Flann were extremely proud of their excellent
behaviour, their great attitude and tireless enthusiasm. Our students
have also created strong friendships with Quebecois students from
St. Anne School. Nous garderons toujours en mémoire de
très beaux souvenirs de cette merveilleuse expérience
culturelle. We will always cherish our fond memories of this very
special cultural and educational experience. Nous remerçions
tous les élèves pour leur merveilleux comportement
et leur attitude positive durant le voyage. Vive le français!!!
Special thanks to our parent supervisors Mr. Warmerdam and Mr.
MacAdams who accompanied us and helped immensely with the trip.
GREAT SPIRIT WEEK!
Good job to all those leadership kids who worked so hard to bring
us the Spirit Week this week. Even though there were lots of left
over tickets, we handed out a total of $300 worth of prizes to
everyone! Thanks for all the hard work Alisa Kaufman, Ashley Clark
and Chelsea Rus who organized the week. Way to go Chief Danners
- as always, your enthusiasm and spirit were second to none! WE
ROCK!!!
Mr. Lilly and Mr. Laudadio at the Dunk Tank Mr. Revel at Pie Throw
Track Meet
Friday was Track & Field Day at CDGMS. At 8:45, the
students headed out for Rotary Stadium under cloudy skies with
an occasional drizzle here and there. By mid morning the weather
turned ugly. Hail, slush, rain, you name it, it happened. The
staff, parents and students kept going as long as they could,
but the wind and near freezing temperatures forced the otherwise
well-planned event to be called off prematurely. A good majority
of the events, however, were completed. Those events that were
not run on Friday will be run during this week (weather permitting,
of course). Results will be uploaded as soon as all events are
completed and recorded. Great job, Mr. Wilms, for organizing this
year's event. Thanks go out to the teachers and volunteers for
hanging in there under such adverse conditions.
Library News
Our next library club meeting is at lunch on May 30 - the library
will be closed on this day to other students. We are still READING
TO 100 BOOKS. Divisions 3 and 4 are in the lead so far. Let's
get some pizza party winners!!!
English Grade 7 News
Grade 7 FSA's have wrapped up this week. All students worked hard
and put forth an excellent effort!
Division 10 heard a presentation by Constable Rauch last week. The students discussed what bullying behaviours are and how to speak out and report incidents of bullying to trusted adults. They also learned that they should support any individual who is being bullied. To accompany the presentation, the students were given a handout. This handout was sent home with each student. Please read the handout and discuss bullying with your child. Divison 8 and 9 will also be having the bullying presentation in the next few weeks.
Once again our Lost
and Found Box is overflowing. Please take the time to check the
box yourself before the Summer Break. There are literally
thousands of dollars of unclaimed items.
The 1st Annual CDGMS Chess Tournament was a great success. We were expecting 70 or so competitors, but 158 showed up! Plans are already underway for next year's event. SPECIAL THANKS TO OUR WONDERFUL LEADERSHIP STUDENTS - Alisa K., Jessy D., Chelsea A., Danielle L., Crystal T. - for doing a super job at the Chess Tourni! Great job Mr. Sakai!
Summer School 2003
Information about Summer School 2003 was sent home on Tuesday
of this week. Summer School will be held at W.J. Mouat Secondary
School July 7th - August 1st. Courses available include "Improving
Your Reading and Writing Skills", "Math Adventures",
"Jumping to the Middle", "High School Prep",
"Computer Basics for Kids", "Young Scientists",
"Computer Camp", "Art Camp", and "Sports
Camp". Full Curriculum courses for High School (Grades 11-12)
as well as Upgrade courses in Grades 8-12 are also available.
For further information please call Steve Laird, Summer School
Principal at 309-9722.
Free Dental Treatment for Children Without Dental Coverage
Your child may be able to receive free dental treatment through
the UBC Children's Dental Program. The Variety Club sponsors the
program in cooperation with the UBC Dental Faculty. A supervised
dental student will provide treatment. Appointments will be available
starting September 2003. A parent must accompany their child to
the appointments. Free transportation will be provided from a
central location. For more information please contact the Fraser
Health Authority Public Health Services, Dental Program (604)
864-3400.
Rick Hansen Wheels in Motion
On Saturday, June 14th, at the Abbotsford Civic Center, people
in our community - as well as thousands more across Canada - will
WHEEL, BIKE, SKATE, RUN or WALK to raise awareness and improve
the quality of life for people with spinal cord injury. Invite
your friends and family to join you ... and don't forget your
safety gear. Rick Hansen Wheels in Motion is the Rick Hansen Man
in Motion Foundation's new annual signature awareness and fundraising
event brought to you by locally organized volunteer teams. Fifty
percent of net proceeds raised in each community will be used
to improve the quality of life for people with spinal cord injury.
The other 50 percent will support research to accelerate the discovery
of a cure. The top fund-raising class in the school district will
win a pizza party courtesy of J's Pizza. For more information
and pledge sheet please contact Bonnie MacKenzie at 850-1606 or
Peg Wenting at 850-2901 or visit www.rickhansen.com
Thursday Spirit Day - what fun we had!
Sports Banquet
We have had over 100 people register for our Sports Banquet
next Tuesday. Mr. Lilly will be our chef for the evening with
dinner being served at 6:00 p.m. and awards at 7:00 p.m. If
you have not yet registered for this evening and wish to attend,
please call the office Monday morning as the food will be purchased
Monday. Thank you.
Grade 5's Visit
Last Friday we had the pleasure of hosting Grade 5 students from
throughout the district who will be attending Grade 6 here in
September. Below are pictures of our Pep rally held that afternoon.
Library News
The Library is in desperate need of parent help for this coming
September. Parents will be processing books and doing book exchange.
Any help would be greatly appreciated. Please call Tracy Landry
at the school anytime.
Leadership, canteen and yearbook students will be heading to Playland on June 7 for our end of year party. Permission forms were handed out on Monday and were to be returned by Friday (May 30). Call Ms. Landry if you have any questions or would like to join us!
THIS SUMMER - ENCOURAGE YOUR CHILD TO READ. Any book read during the summer months will count towards their "Super Reader" status in September. This means prizes and recognition for your little readers!
Treasure Box
We have a large number of watches and various inexpensive
pieces of jewelry in the office. Please check with Ms. Andrew
at the office if you've lost anything. We also have keys!
Empty Baby Jars
Our neighbour, Dr. Roberta Bondar School, is contemplating
a fund raiser next year that will make use of baby food jars.
In preparation for this event they would appreciate it if you
could wash and save your baby food jars with lids instead of recycling
them. In the new school year they will arrange for these to be
brought into the school to be transformed or you could call Mrs.
Candace Durrant at either 855-1510 or 864-8572 to arrange for
pick up. Thank you!
Looking for Some Summer Fun?
Abbotsford School District International Student Program is
running an afternoon summer recreation program for local students.
Program runs July 7-August 1st, 1:00 - 5:00 p.m. at W.J. Mouat.
Cost is $65 per week for students aged 12-18 years. Application
deadline is June 6th. You may register at Ten-Broeck Elementary
School, 2580 Stanley Road, Abbotsford. Phone (604) 850-6657, Attention
Steve Laird.
Trinity Western University Basketball Day Camps
@ St. John Brebeuf High School in Abbotsford
Instruction by TWU Head Coaches
Abbotsford Middle School Camps
Gr. 6-8 Girls; Aug. 11-15; 9am-12pm
Gr. 6-8 Boys; Aug. 11-15; 1-4pm
Includes camp T-shirt & TWU water-bottle; $85
Other camps available at TWU in Langley:
Shooting Schools (Gr. 7-12; July 30,31; $85)
Boys High Performance (Gr. 9-12; Aug. 18-22; $175)
Boys Position Camp (Gr. 9-12; Sept. 12,13; $65)
Boys Middle School (Gr. 6-8; Aug. 25-29; $85)
Girls Position Camp (Gr. 9-12; Aug. 18-21; $85)
Girls Middle School (Gr. 6-8; Aug. 18-22; $60)
For additional information please contact:
[ http://www.twu.ca/athletics ]www.twu.ca/athletics "camps
& clinics"
604-870-9234 (Abbotsford #)
2003 05 30
Dear parents;
On or before May 31st of each school year, the School Act requires that each school make available to all parents the school calendar for the coming school year.
School Calendar 2003-2004
Number of days in session 188
Number of days of instruction 181
Number of non-instructional days 6
Length of the school day 8:10 a.m. - 2:15 p.m.
School Office hours 7:30 a.m. to 3:30 p.m.
Hours of instruction in a school day 5.03 hours
Number and length of recesses per day 1 recess @ 10 minutes
School Opening (1/2 day dismissal) September 2, 2003
Implementation Planning September 26, 2003
Non Instructional Day October 3, 2003
Thanksgiving Day October 13, 2003
District-wide Professional Development Day October 24, 2003
School Closure (2 days) November 7 and 10, 2003
Remembrance Day November 11, 2003
Parent/Teacher Conferences December 5, 2003
Winter Vacation December 22 to January 2 (inclusive)
School Reopens January 5, 2004
School Closure (2 days) January 29 and 30, 2004
District-wide Professional Development Day February 20, 2004
School Closure (5 days) March 8 - 12, 2004
Spring Vacation March 15 - 19, 2004
School Reopens March 22, 2004
Good Friday April 9, 2004
Easter Monday April 12, 2004
Non Instructional Day April 30, 2004
Victoria Day May 24, 2004
Administrative June 30, 2004
June 20th Awards Assembly
Students in homeroom until 8:45 a.m.
8:45 a.m. Students called down to gym
9:00 a.m. Introduction
9:15 a.m. Honour Roll presentation - POD leaders
9:30 a.m. Top Student Awards for LA, Science, Socials and Math
Top Grade 8 Awards
Overcoming Adversity Award
Yearbook Award
10:00 a.m. Nut Break
10:15 a.m. Super Reader Awards
Leadership Awards
Library Club Awards
Chess Club Awards
10:45 a.m. imovie
Presentation
WRAP UP
Rest of the day will be activities with your POD (until lunch)
and then afternoon larger activities
Student Registration
Section 74.1 of the School Act establishes priorities for
enrolment in B.C. schools.
The Board of School Trustees recognizes that a school age resident, according to the School Act, may enroll in an educational program in any school district and attend any school, providing there is space available and an appropriate program can be provided.
Pursuant to Section 74.1 of the B.C. School Act, the Board of School Trustees establishes June 15, 2003, as the date by which an application to enroll a person in an educational program must be received by the Board.
June 15 provides a time by which catchment area residents will have priority for a school placement. Following June 15, any students who have applied up to that date will be placed in order of priority. The priorities for remaining space will be:
1. catchment, did not attend previous year;
2. non-catchment, in district;
3. out of district.
The date of application determines priority order within each category. If you have any questions, contact your school or phone the School Board Office (604-859-4891).
Leadership
Playland tomorrow - we are off! With Yearbook, Executive Computer
Club and Canteen students, we are going to have a great end of
year fun time at Playland. Great job this year to everyone. We
will be meeting next Wednesday in the library at lunch - bring
your lunch (I will have treats) - ALL grade 7 and 6's will be
meeting all lunch hour. Grade 8's will be having a short meeting
at the beginning.
Library Club
Our last get together will be June 18. We will be spending the
entire morning doing inventory, shelves, then a pizza/sub party
for lunch. Great job to everybody this year!!!
Parent Appreciation Tea
Tuesday, June 10 at 2 pm in the library. We have endeavored to
reach all the parents who have helped out, however, it is possible
some were missed. PLEASE feel free to come to our parent-appreciation
tea and let us show you how much we appreciate what you do!
Library News
Last day to sign out books is June 10. All books are due by June
13. The computers in the library will be unavailable June 16-20
due to reconfiguration. Please make sure all books and fines are
taken care of before the end of the school year!!!
Looping
A public information meeting on the concept of looping at
Middle Schools will be held in the Board Room at the School Board
Office, 2790 Tims Street, on Monday, June 9th at 7:00 p.m.
This concept will be implemented for September 2003 at Clayburn Middle and Chief Dan George Middle. Other middle schools are considering the concept for the future.
Looping, in its most basic form, means that a teacher moves with his or her students to the next grade level, rather than sending them to another teacher at the end of the school year. At middle school, this means the "team" of teachers (e.g. two classroom teachers, student services specialists, and Exploration teachers) keeps the same students for two years.
The meeting, hosted by Assistant Superintendents Bruce Ivany and Kevin Godden, will discuss how looping fits into middle school philosophy, examine advantages and disadvantages, and respond to questions that arise.
Soccer
Come support and see some exciting Soccer action when the Abbotsford
Rangers take on PDL teams from the Northwest and Alberta, all
games at Rotary Stadium: Adults $5, Child $2, Seniors $3
Friday, June 13 at 8:00 p.m. vs Cascade Surge
Sunday, June 22 at 6:30 p.m. vs Yakima Reds
Friday, June 27 at 8:00 p.m. vs Calgary Storm
Raffle Winners
Congratulations to the winners of Mr. McAvoy's raffle which
was used to raise money for the Wolf Racing Team. Mr. Ted Blackhall
won the Harley Davidson Print and Corey P., Grade 10 student at
Rick Hansen Secondary won the tool chest complete with tools.
Huge Congratulations to the following students:
Division 4 Division 5
Elizabeth C Nicole B
Nicolette C Megan C
Kayla F Alexa C
Kim H Gurpreet R
Magan H
Minjoo K
Melissa L
Alyssa M
Emma M
Sarah T
Kris V
These students completed all work and had their agendas signed
a TOTAL of 60 consistent days!
Music News.........
The Grade 8 Band trip to Edmonton last week was a huge success!
The students were very busy performing 3 concerts including a
concert in the famous West Edmonton Mall. A BIG thank you to our
chaperones, Mr. Revel, Mr. McAvoy, Mrs. Paialunga, Mrs.
Chapman and Mrs. Laxton. Well done students....there
are memories from the trip I will never forget!!
We have our final concert coming up this Tuesday, June 10 at 1:00 p.m. in our gym and 7:00 p.m. at Northview Community Church on Downes Road. All students please meet at the church at 6:30 p.m. in uniform.
Chicken orders are due Wednesday, June 11th and will
be delivered on Wednesday, June 18th at 3:00 in the parking lot.
Thank you!
Mrs. Farley
Sports Banquet
Our banquet Tuesday evening was a huge success! Over 200
parents, students and coaches enjoyed a wonderful dinner prepared
by Mr. Lilly. A few of our sports winners are seen below.
June 20, 2003 (Final Newsletter for 2002/2003)
Another very successful year has come to an end! We wish all students and parents a safe and happy summer holiday and look forward to seeing you again in September. Good luck to our Grade 8's at Mouat next year - we'll miss you! Please note the following information:
Staffing Changes for 2003/04
We have a number of changes to make in our staffing for next year.
Leaving our school are:
Mr. Georges Sauvé Retiring
Ms. Lorraine Edwards Replaced by Ms. Paula Howe
Mr. Réne St-Martin Position Posted
Ms. Rita Zeni Replaced by Mr. Alex Buki
Mrs. Susan Benedict Replaced by Ms. Françoise Kang
Please join us in congratulating Mrs. AnnaLisa Osterby-Batryn.
She has been selected as the new Vice-Principal here at Chief
Dan. She has been a key member of our Student Services Team for
two years and is a very welcome addition as V-P next year!
Mr. Lilly's class back from a very successful fishing trip!
Band Trip to Edmonton a HUGE Success!
HELP! LOST WATCH
Boy's analog watch - silver with a brown leather strap. Sentimental
value! If found, please call Geordie at (604) 852-1424. Thank
you.
A Note From Mme Veldhoen
I would like to thank all students from Divisions 4 and 5
and their families for joining me on Father's Day for lunch at
the Quebeçois restaurant, Zizanie in Vancouver. Some of
us even tried "les escargots"!
Many thanks to all the parent volunteers who helped in
the Home-Ec lab. Without your help and dedication, the program
would not have been successful!
Mlle Longpré
A HUGE thank you also to Mr. and Mrs. Seo who so thoughtfully supplied a fabulous Korean luncheon for our staff on Thursday. It was WONDERFUL!
An Author in our Midst!
Nicolle Hodges Div. 14 (grade 7, Early French Immersion) has recently
published her first short story. It is called Blood of the
Innocent.
Look for it soon at your local bookstore. It's a great story many
will enjoy. Look out Stephen King! Congratulations Nicolle!
Yearbook
Congratulations to the yearbook Committee for a job well done.
The yearbooks are completely sold out and look fantastic! Thanks
a bunch to page designers and photographers: Kaitlyn Boros, Allie
Lee, Jennien Lyons, Alexis Warmerdam, Yalda Dashti, Travis Taylor,
Cynthia Baroud, Ally MacAdams, Ali Kathler, Melissa Brathwaite,
Samantha Ritchie, Brianne Reddicopp, Samantha Boucher, Jill Greenwood,
and Dana Schulstad. Special thanks as well to designer and overall
editor Katie Gibson and artists Jenny Preswick and Danny Ridsdale.
Jenny for the wolf design on the cover and Danny for the moon
and the wolf design on page 1. Hats off to all who spent countless
hours developing an outstanding book!!
Kinderkids
In order to continue to best meet the needs of our students
and meet the district's early literacy goals, the Abbotsford School
District is pleased to offer a full-day kindergarten program beginning
in September 2003. Research strongly states that full-day kindergarten
is an important building block in preparing kindergarten students
for success in Grade One, provides long-term benefits in reading
and math, and increased graduation rates. KinderKIDS will
be an extension of the prescribed learning outcomes of the regular
K program. This program which will enable children to engage in
structured, theme-based activities, will be offered 5 days per
week at a cost of $350 per month.
PROGRAM REGISTRATION FOR 2003: Abbotsford School District
is currently accepting applications for this new program. If your
child is eligible to enroll in Kindergarten, then this program
will be of interest to you. The registration application may be
submitted to any of the KinderKIDS locations listed
below. Registration Deadline: June 30, 2003.
LOCATIONS FOR THE PROGRAM
Please contact the principal at one of these sites for further information and registration materials. Registration forms are at CDG Middle School and on the district website at www.sd34.bc.ca
Division 11 Presenting Le Sorciez d'Oz (The Wizard of
Oz)
*
Back to Top