From BC Center for Disease Control
FACT SHEET
Viral Gastroenteritis (Stomach Flu) and Norwalk-Like Viruses
Viral gastroenteritis, commonly known as 'stomach flu', or 'winter vomiting disease' is a common illness. Outbreaks can occur in the community, in nursing homes and daycare centres and also on cruise ships and at children's camps.
What is it?
The illness is commonly caused by Norwalk-like viruses (NLV). The main symptoms are sudden onset of nausea, cramping, chills and fever. Usually vomiting and/or diarrhea accompany these symptoms. Symptoms generally last between one to three days. Dehydration can happen in the elderly or very young.
Where does the virus come from and how is it spread?
The main source of the virus is stool and vomit from infected persons. The virus can be spread from person-to-person on unwashed hands. The virus can also be spread by food, water or ice if these have been handled by an ill person. It may be possible to get the virus from tiny droplets in the air when someone vomits. The virus can survive on surfaces such as countertops or sink taps if these are not properly cleaned.
How can it be prevented?
There is no vaccine or medicine that can prevent Norwalk-like virus. The key to reducing person-to-person spread of NLV is hand washing. A proper hand wash requires warm running water, soap and lots of friction. This takes about 30 seconds.
Cleaning up after a vomiting accident, using hot water and detergent is important. Surfaces should then be wiped down with a dilute bleach solution (1part household bleach to 50 parts water) to kill the virus. Any food that has been handled by an ill person should be discarded. So should food that could have been exposed when someone vomits. Dishes or utensils should be washed in a dishwasher or with hot water and detergent. Laundry should also be washed in hot water and detergent. Bathrooms require special attention and should be cleaned regularly. Disinfect bathrooms with a dilute bleach solution.
Anyone who is ill should avoid going to work, especially food handlers or caregivers. Even after they are well people can carry the virus in their stool for a few days so careful hand washing should continue.
What about treatment?
Drinking lots of clear fluids while ill is important. If diarrhea or vomiting lasts more than two to three days see a doctor.